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WeatherBlog 7 2024/25 | Powdery gift

North stau means foehn in the south

by Sebastian Müller 12/25/2024
The heavens have given us plenty of presents for Christmas. It's still cool at the moment and there's still plenty of powder under the northern slopes of the Alps. But we are also thinking of all those on the southern slopes of the Alps who are unfortunately more likely to go for a walk in the foehn this year.

Weather and snow conditions

The northerly dust situation is now slowly turning, but it has delivered big time. Colleague Orakel and the weather models have forecast the snowfall well, only some conditions reporters claim that the precipitation amounts were even underestimated. The snow cover, which had been thin up until then, was in desperate need of this and the SLF in Switzerland promptly saw largely above-average snow depths. It also snowed a lot in Tyrol and saved the snow situation to some extent. But there was also a lot of wind. As a result, the avalanche risk was assessed as high in some places and still considerably above the tree line. The snowpack structure was assessed as poor, probably also due to the early winter with little snow, and the size of some of the avalanches was extremely large after blasting.

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The prospects

At present, the northern slope of the Alps is still in a continental, and therefore cool and dry, flow. Our luck means largely foehn weather for the southern slopes of the Alps. The low pressure centre is now moving further into the Balkans and will probably also ensure wintry conditions there. However, the Azores High is already approaching from the west and threatens to envelop the Alps in warm air. Let's ignore and doubt this gloomy, albeit sunny, forecast.

Foehn and lee waves

When fluid flows over a mountain range, there are three scenarios that depend on the height of the obstacle, the inflow velocity and the stability of the atmosphere.

1. blockage, and nothing flows over the mountain.

2. overflow with hydraulic jump

3. overflow with wave formation

In the satellite image, lee waves can be recognised as clouds in the lee of the Eastern Alps, the Dinaric Alps and the Appennines. A beautiful phenomenon that makes up for the unfavourable skiing conditions.

Photo gallery

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